Wrench



J. W. SAFFOLD.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I0, 192i.

1,415,714. I Patented y 9,1922.

'3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

IllIlIIIIIIII I'IIIIIIIIIIIIII INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

J. W. SAFFOLD.

WRENCH. APPLICATIONv FILED MAY I0. 192!- Patented May 9, 1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY.

J. W. SAFFOLD.

WRENCH.

APPLSCATION FILED MAY 10, 1921.

3SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' INVETOR.

6 av 4 I \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\i\\\\\\\\\\\\n/ Patented May 9, 1922.

WITNESS:

A 'ITORNEY.

JAMES WEBB SAFFOLD, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WRENCH.

Application filed May 10,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES Wnnn SAFFOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionrelates to improvements in wrenches, the present embodiment of the invention being particularly designed and adapted for use in the drawing up and loosening of a nut or a bolt head of angular shaped exterior, such for example as hexagonal nuts, and the like.

My invention further relates to that class or type of wrenches in which the angular shaped nut or head is automatically gripped upon the initial movement of the handle upon the working stroke or impulse given to the head of the wrench, and the article engaged thereby and in which the article or nut is automatically released upon the initial return stroke of. the handle for the next working engagement of the nut or article being operated upon.

The primary object is the provision of a generally improved wrench of this class which will be exceedingly simple in construction, cheap of manufacture, and efiicient in use. a r r A further and very important object is the provision of an automatic wrench which will readily adapt its gripping parts to nuts or head of widelyvarying forms and sizes, the improved wrench having its working parts so arranged and disposed relative to as to centralize the nut and ad aeach other cent parts thereby centralizing and distributing the loads and stresses and reducing the liability to damage or disarrangement oi the parts to a minimum.

A. still further and very important object is the provision of an improved guide head or block provided with a slide having a pro-- jeoting nut engaging loop movable toward and from the nut engaging portion of; the guide head, the slide being provided with a cam thrust receiving portion arranged along the common longitudinal planes of relative movement of the guide head and nutengaging loop, together with a cam pivoted on said head at one side of said plane of longitudinal axis of movement and provided with a curved contact portion sodoveloped as to engage said thrust receiving Specification of Letters Patent.

ing in particular the central or median. dotted line and Patented May 9, 1922. 1921. Serial No. 468,206.

portion of the slide along said longitudinal plane or axisi oi movement throughout all the varying positions oi. the parts in the article engaging and gripping positions.

A still further object is the provision oi awrcnch having its parts arranged and disposed relatively to each other as to centralize and distribute the working strains and stresse thereby preventing any shearmg action or jamming or distortion of the parts, the camand thrust receiving portion. of the slide being arranged to centrally return the parts preparatory to taking new hold or grip for a new working impulse.

With the above mentioned and other ends in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, hereinafter described, illustrated in one of its embodiments in the accompany 111g drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims. I

Referring to the drawings, forming a partoit' this specification, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved cam, and illustrating in particular the developed contour portion for co-operating with the cam thrust receiving portion of the slide.

Fig. 2, an edge view of the same.

Fig. 3, a side elevation of the improved cam and cam operating handle detached from the guide head or block.

I? 4;, an edge view of. the same .illustrzutthe arrangement and mounting of the cam between the s 'iaced arms of the ope "ating handle.

Fig. 5, side elevation oi? the wrench in assembled position, the working parts being in initial or extreme open posi'ions preparar ory to being moved to the article engaging or gripping position, one side of the guide head being broken away for the purpose of clearer illustration of the parts.

Fig. (i, a similar view showing the parts in the r extreme open 3 or closed positions,

the progressive dotted lines oi. the cam howing how the thrust liietiveen the latter and the engaged portion oi: the slide is centralized along the central longitudinal plane of movement between the relatively moving parts thereby centralizing the strains and stresses and reducing the liability to damage or distortion of the parts to a minimum.

Fig. 7, a side elevation of the Wrench with the parts in their intermediate position.

Fig. 8, a central longitudinal sectional view of the same, taken on line 88 of Fig. 7.

Similar numerals'and reference designate like parts throughout all the figures of the drawings.

The improved wrench comprises a suitable guide head or block 1 of any suitable and side of the nut or article to be operated upon, said abutment, in the present instance, being in the specific form of a filler block or anvil 1, secured, in the present instance, between the ends of the sidewall bymeans of attaching elements or rivets 1 The improved slide 2, is adapted tofill the guideway of the guide block 1, and is provided with a nut engaging loop 2 projecting from one end of the guide block and arranged in co-operative relation to the abutment 1%.

The inner sides 2?, of the loop are preferably arranged at an angle of about 120,

corresponding to the common angles of the sides of the ordinary hexagonal nut, and the eye of the loop 2 preferably terminates in a recess 2, corresponding in form to the filler block 1*, and being adapted to receive the latter when the slide and loop are in their extreme extended or projected positions as in Fig. 5 of the drawings preparatory to being passed over the nut or other article to be grasped in giving the same a working motion or impulse.

It will be seen upon reference to the drawings that the engaging abutment 1 and loop 2 are arranged along the common longitudinal median plane or axis or movement of the slide and guide members and that the nut engaging parts are adapted to centralize the 'nut or other article to be operated upon thereby centralizing and distributing the sereftes incident to grasping and moving the article being held and turned by the improved wrench As a means of reciprocating the slide 2, in the act of moving the nut engaging loop 2 toward and from the nut engaging abutment 1, in the act ofigrasping and releasing the nut or article being operated upon, and particularly as ameans of arranging the cam thrust receiving portion of the slide and active face of the cam along the common median longitudinal plane of relative move- I ment ofthe slide and guide members in their varying positions incident to engaging nuts or articles of'varying'sizes or forms, the

slide 2 is provided with a centrally located or median cam thrust receiving portion 53" adapted to be engaged by a developed cam. face 4 of a cam at, interposed between the side walls of the casing or block 1, and pivoted by means of a pivot bearing opening 4 mounted on a bearing member 5. As a means of positively returning or projecting the slide 2, and loop 2, the cam thrust receiving portion 2, is preferably formed as a part of a cam receiving opening 2 arranged to be engaged by the nose portion il of the cam when the latter and the handle are returned to their initial positions as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5 of the drawing.

As a means of engaging and operating the cam 4t, and particularly as a means of centrally distributing the strains and stresses incident to use, a handle (3 is provided, said handle 6 being provided with oppositely arranged. spaced arms 6 to receive the cam l, and provided with fastening elements (3" on either side, preferably in the form of spot welds or in the form of through bolts or rivets at the places indicated at 6 Tu the present instance the handle 6, is made up of two sheet metal stampings of suitable contour at edges to form the rounded handle, and connected by means of fastening elements or rivets 6".

The arms 6 of the handle preferably extend. within the sides of the casing or guide block 1, and are preferably also mounted on the bearing member 5, and as a means of limiting the movement of the handle within the guide head of block 1. the upper edges of the ends of the casing are arranged to form stop members 11 for engaging in the edges of the handle arm 6.

Having thus described one of the embodiments oii my invention, without having attempted to set forth all the forms in which it may be made, or all the modes of its use, what I claim and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is,

1. 11] a wrench, a guide head, a slide hav ing a nut engaging portion longitiu'liually movable in said head and provided. with a median cam receiving bearing portion, a (H111 pivoted on said head and operable against said cam bearing portion of said slide, and a handle for operating said cam.

2. In a wrench, a guide head provided with a nut engaging abutment, a slide provided with a nut engaging portion, projecting from said head and provided with a cam opening, a ram pivoted in said head and operable in said cam opening, and a handle pivoted on said guide head for operating said cam.

3. In a wrench, a head provided with a guide way, a handle provided with spaced arms pivoted within said head, a cam between said arms, a slide extending between the arms of said handle and provided with a l. l O

central cam thrust receiving portion, said slide being provided with a projecting portion adapted to engage and clasp a nut against said head.

4. In a wrench, a head provided with a guide way, a handle provided with spaced arms pivoted within said guide way, a cam between and secured to said arms, a slide within said guide way and extending be tween the arms of said handle and provided with a cam opening surrounding said cam, said slide being provided with a loop head projecting beyond said head and adapted to engage and clasp a nut against the latter.

5. In a wrench, the combination with a head block provided with a guide way, and a slide i n said guide way provided, with a nut engaging portion projecting from said head block and adapted to engage and (law the nut into engagement with an adjacent edge oi said head blocl and a cam in said head block engaging said slide along the longitudinal axial plane Off movement of said head block and guide.

6. A wrench, comprising a head block provided. with a nut engaging abutment, a slide longitudinally movable in said head block provided with a nut engaging loop movable toward and from saidabutment, said slide being provided with a cam thrust receiving portion along the common longitudinal plane Oil?" said abutment and. the plane of movement of said loop, a cam pivoted in said head on one side oi said plane and provided with a curved contact portion engaging said thrust receiving portion of said slide along said longitudinal plane, and a handle having a limited movement in said head for positi vely actuating said cam and slide in either direction.

7. A wrench, comprising a head provided with a nut en gaging abutment, a slide in said head provided with a nut engaging member movable toward. and from said abutment, said slide being provided with a cam thrust receiving portion along the common longitudinal plane of said abutment and nut engaging member, a cam pivoted in said head on one side of said plane and provided with a curved contact portion developed to engage said thrust receiving portion of said slide along said plane, and a handle having a limited amount in said head for actuating said cam.

8. Amwrench, comprising a head having parallel extending side walls forming a guideway, a slide filling said guideway and provided with a cam receiving opening closed by said head and having a thrust receiving portion at the median portions of said head and slide, a nut engaging member atone end of said head and arranged at the transverse center of said guideway, said slide being provided with a loop surrounding said nut engaging member and having converging sides adapted to centralize and clamp a nut between the latter and said nut engaging member, 'and a handle connected to said cam for operating the same.

9. A wrench comprising a guide head having parallel extending sides forming a guideway, a slide in said guideway provided with a cam receiving opening closed by said sides and having a thrust receiving portion at the common axial plane oi movement 01 said guide head and slide, nut engaging member at one end ol said head and arranged at the transverse center of said guideway, said slide being provided with a loop surrounding said nut engaging member and having converging sides extending at an angle of approximately 120 and adapted to cent-rah inc and clamp a hexagonal nut between the latter and said nut engaging member, and a handle on said cam for operating the same.

10. A wrench, comprising a head provided with a nut engaging abutment at one end and intersected by a guideway, a slide in said guidewavprovided with a nut engaging loop projecting from one end and movable toward and from said abutment, said slide being provided with a cam thrust receiving portion at the common longitudinal axial plane of movement of said head and slide, a cam extending across said guideway and pivoted in said head at one side of said axial plane of movement, said cam being provided with a contact portion engaging said thrust receiving portion of said slide in said common longitudinal axial plane in the varying longitudinal positions of the latter, and a handle provided with spaced arms extending on either side of said cam and arranged between the sides of the latter and the sides of said head.

In testimony whereof I have ailixed my signature.

' JAMES WEBB SAFFOLD. 

